The psycho of process of learning of elementary school maths (on)

Li Guangshu (Chongqing city teachs science institute)

In the first in telling, had pointed out, by nature of process of learning of elementary school maths is process of acknowledge of a maths, change structure of teaching material knowledge into the process of his mathematical acknowledge structure below the student guidance in the teacher namely. This process is including perception, understanding, maintain and the psychological activity with the complex set such as application, to these psychology the activity undertakes brief analysis below.

, the perception of mathematical knowledge

() perceptive meaning and its study medium effect in elementary school maths

Feel be feeling and consciousness to close say. The individual attribute that the feeling is current and external object is mirrorred mediumly in poll head; The whole that consciousness is current and external object reachs his the exterior connection report in poll head. Feeling and consciousness are two different ideas that already strict distinction has close tie again. Their distinction basically is the report that the feeling is individual to external object attribute, consciousness is the report of pair of external object whole. Their connection is it is immediate effect the external object of the sense organ at the person is mirrorred mediumly in brains; 2 it is conscious form on sensory foundation, the feeling is the part that makes consciousness and foundation. The feeling in the process in real knowledge thing and consciousness often inseparable, because this kind is had between them cannot intersected connection, so people often both close call perception.

From specific to abstraction, rise to rational understanding from perceptual knowledge, this is the basic rule that human understanding develops. Study of elementary school maths regards a kind of special recognition as the process is to cannot leave perception more, perception gets mathematical knowledge to have particularly main effect to pupil. Above all, perception is the first stage that pupil gets mathematical knowledge, especially those and original knowledge connection are not quite close brand-new knowledge, the student's study must begin from perception commonly, the operation that passes pair of perceptual data first or observation gain perceptual knowledge, give the common sense of substaintial attribute of the concept and principle in the abstraction on the foundation of perceptual knowledge next. Next, the student understands and master mathematical knowledge to cannot leave idea, and idea is the thing figure that had felt in the past return mediumly in brains, do not have idea without perception apparently, do not have the control of mathematical knowledge without idea. Additional, perception is operated especially and the activity such as observation still can be thinking process of the student to provide necessary support, in assuring a student to learn intellectual process in understanding number, abstract and logistic thinking can go on wheels. If one grade student learns habitually use " collect 10 laws " computation 9 ＋ 2 when, often finish continuously hard " become 2 minutes 1 with L " , " 9 add 1 be equal to 10 " , " 10 add 1 be equal to 11 " thinking process, if let student edge place little bar,right now the edge is calculated or the operation edge of edge observation teacher is calculated, computational thinking process of the student undertakes smoothly going down.
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